Post modernism Johanna Vassallo

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 I watched these videos as well as I visited other sites.

 The concept of postmodernism is not widely accepted or even understood today. It is inclusive of a wide variety of disciplines and areas of study including art, architecture, music, film, literature, sociology, etc, that’s why the term postmodernism refers to the idea of multiplicity and incompatibility, because lots of things exist together and may not be directly related one to each other or they may not be grouped under the same category, as a result of different particular processes, events or situations that give place to an interminable amount of changes among different disciplines.

As regards postmodernism in culture, it caused a complete change in productions such as contemporary vanguard film and video - but also a whole new style of commercial or fiction films. These commercial films were focused on every day families and advertised comics and consumer products, as regards fiction films a variety stories were mixed together to produce creative and imaginative films that were a revolution in cinema in those days, but all this wouldn’t have been possible without the invention of the first pictures in motion and animated films with synchronized sound.

Concerning art and education some postmodernism ideas are:

    

1.                           Violent reactions and sentimental world is reflected.
2.                         Moral relativism. People think of values to be based on feelings
3.             Emphasize story and personal discovery
4.                       The knowledge is fragmented. It is distributed and arranged in different ways thanks to modern technology’s inventions such as computers.
5.             The existence of virtual worlds that allows students and teachers to interact in a same virtual environment created by themselves but being each of them in a different physical one.
6.             You learn things not to know them, but to use them. This is called functional knowledge.
7.        Students become active participants in modifying knowledge that is at their hands. 

I believe Postmodernism is controversial reaction to all the things that modernism proposed departing primarily from the technological changes and revolutionary ideas that emerged from a post modern society.

Criticism acknowledging the work's insoluble ambiguity. By Brenda Murphy

A number of critics tried to explain the origin of ingrained and insoluble ambiguity and the effects of such ambiguity on the reader.

Brenda Murphy:

According to Brenda Murphy, controversies can never be resolved and there is n answer to the questions to the text raises.

For example, we cannot determine whether the author intended to write a ghost story or a story of mental illness. The critic will try to understand the author’s meaning in the context of an extrinsic genre, having already lost the possibility of grasping in the author’s actual intrinsic genre.

Murphy then turns to James’s statements about the story, which seem not to be sincere because his intentions are not clear neither related to what he has said about his own work.

Some other critics as Salomon and Aswel have ignored the author’s statements in the preface and established quite disparate interpretations, believing that the real meaning of the story was only in James’s conscious and imagination.

Nevertheless, Murphy considers impossible the fact of determining an unconscious purpose or intention unless it s made conscious. For her it is important to interpret words and actions, much as we interpret a text. But again the hermeneutic circle reappears. In deciding what element it is important to be considered, we are influenced by our own preconceptions so for Murphy, failure becomes inevitable, because the problem of the hermeneutic circle is a fact of what is perceived and what is communicated.

Furthermore, Murphy cites Hirsch’s critic that the author’s intended meaning enfolds analogous and unforeseeable implications, which of course are not known to its originator.

The darkness in a piece of life

I am a girl who feels homeless
I wonder if I can find a place for me
I wish to feel safe at home
but there is no home, no place
 I shout at my reflection in the mirror
there, there is a woman with empty eyes
I feel the sadness on my face
I really want to cry

I pretend to be strong
I feel that one day this will end
the pain is invading me for now
My heart is beating not faster enough
but the sun is shining far away
I have to find where its rays are
I have to leave darkness
and this suffer, its end; soon will find.